MCQ on Ecology Set 2: Environment and Ecology Quiz

Question 1. The cycling of elements in an ecosystem is called?

(A) Chemical cycles

(B) Biogeochemical cycles

(C) Geological cycles

(D) Geochemical cycles

Question 2. Which of the following is the most stable ecosystem? 

(A) Desert

(B) Mountain

(C) Ocean

(D) Forest

Question 3. ‘Ecology is permanent economy’ is the slogan of which movement?

(A) Appiko Movement

(B) Narmada Bachao Andolan

(C) Chipko Movement

(D) None of the above

Question 4. Which one of the following is not related to ecological balance?

(A) Water management

(B) Afforestation

(C) Industrial management

(D) Wildlife protection

Question 5. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?

(A) Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves

(B) Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes

(C) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans

(D) Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands

Question 6. Chipko movement is related to?

(A) Plant conservation

(B) Tiger project

(C) Crocodile conservation

(D) Plant reproduction

Question 7. The measurement unit of the ecological footprint is? 

(A) Global hectares

(B) Nanometer

(C) Hoppus cubic foot

(D) Cubic ton

Question 8. Which of the following statement is correct?

(A) The energy flow in the biospheric ecosystem is unidirectional

(B) The energy flows in the biospheric is cyclical

(C) Relative loss of energy in natural ecosystem decrease with increasing trophic levels

(D) Species at progressively higher trophic levels appear to be less efficient in using available energy

Question 9. Who of the following used the term ‘deep ecology’ for the first time?

(A) E.P. Odum

(B) C. Raunkiaer

(C) F.E. Clements

(D) Arne Naess

Question 10. The minimum area of the land required to completely sustain the life of the person is called his?

(A) Biota

(B) Ecological footprint

(C) Biome

(D) Niche

Question 11. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment describes the following major categories of ecosystem services-provisioning, supporting, regulating, preserving and cultural. Which one of the following is supporting service?

(A) Production of food and water

(B) Control of climate and disease

(C) Nutrient cycling and crop pollination

(D) Maintenance of diversity

Question 12. The concept of ecological niche was enunciated by?

(A) Grinnell

(B) Darwin

(C) E.P. Odum

(D) C.C. Park

Question 13. Which of the following shows density gradient of water system?

(A) Ecocline

(B) Halocline

(C) Pycnocline

(D) Thermocline

Question 14. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of a food chain?

(A) Diatoms-Crustaceans-Herrings

(B) Crustaceans-Diatoms-Herrings

(C) Diatoms-Herrings-Crustaceans

(D) Crustaceans-Herrings-Diatom

Question 15. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the phases of biotic succession?

(A) Nudation, Migration, Ecesis, Reaction, Stabilization

(B) Migration, Nudation, Ecesis, Reaction, Stabilization

(C) Ecesis, Migration, Nudation, Reaction, Stabilization

(D) Stabilization, Reaction, Nudation, Migration, Ecesis

Question 16. In the grassland, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of?

(A) Insects and fungi

(B) Limited sunlight and paucity of nutrients

(C) Water limits and fire

(D) None of the above

Question 17. Consider the following statements relating to the ecosystem.

1. The term ecosystem was first used by A.G. Tansley.
2. Those organisms which produce their food themselves are termed as autotrophs.
3. Consumers consume their food through the process of photosynthesis.
4. Decomposers convert inorganic matter into organic matter.
   

Which of the above statements are correct?

(A) 1 and 2

(B) 1 and 3

(C) 2 and 4

(D) 3 and 4

Question 18. Which one of the following is the correct order of biological organisation ranging from organism to biosphere?

(A) Population-Ecosystem-Community-Landscape

(B) Landscape-Community-Ecosystem-Population

(C) Population-Community-Ecosystem-Landscape

(D) Population-Landscape-Community-Ecosystem

Question 19. In the context of ecosystem productivity, marine upwelling zones are important as they increase the marine productivity by bringing the:

1. Decomposer micro-organisms to the surface.
2. Nutrients to the surface.
3. Bottom-dwelling organisms to the surface.
   

Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 

(A) 1 and 2

(B) Only 2

(C) 2 and 3

(D) Only 3

Question 20. Which of the following statements is true about Bionomics?

1. It means ‘management of life’.
2. It is a synonymous with ecology.
3. It stresses on the value of natural systems which influence human systems.
   

Code:

(A) Only 1

(B) 1 and 2

(C) 2 and 3

(D) 1, 2 and 3

Question 21. Concerning the food chains in ecosystem, which of the following kinds of an organism is/are known as decomposer organism/ organisms?

1. Virus
   
2. Fungi
   
3. Bacteria
   

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(A) Only 1

(B) 2 and 3

(C) 1 and 3

(D) All of the above

Question 22. which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Eco-Sensitive Zones are the areas that are declared under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
   
2. The purpose of the declaration of Eco-Sensitive Zones is to prohibit all kinds of human activities in those zones except agriculture.
   

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(C) Both 1 and 2

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

Question 23. Concerning food chains in ecosystems, consider the following statements.

1. A food chain illustrates the order in which a chain of organisms feeds upon each other.
   
2. Food chains are found within the population of a species.
   
3. A food chain illustrates the number of organism, which are eaten by others.
   

Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 

(A) Only 1

(B) 1 and 2

(C) 1, 2 and 3

(D) None of the above

Question 24. Which of the following are the primary consumers in an ecosystem?

1. Ants
2. Deer
3. Fox
4. Tiger
   

Select the correct answer from the code given below. 

(A) 1 and 2

(B) 2 and 3

(C) 1, 2 and 3

(D) 2, 3 and 4